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Startup scandals: 5 alleged frauds that shocked everyone

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The startup world is often viewed as a thrilling landscape brimming with innovation and transformative ideas that shake up entire industries. But beneath that glitzy surface lies a darker side—one marked by shocking scandals that have left investors and the public baffled.

These companies promised groundbreaking solutions, only to later be exposed as fraudulent schemes. Here’s a look at the top 5 alleged startup frauds that left everyone in disbelief!

Top 5 startup frauds that broke the internet

Top 5 startup frauds that broke the internet

1. Theranos

One of the most infamous startup frauds in recent history, Theranos promised to revolutionise medical testing with its supposedly innovative blood-testing technology.

Founded by Elizabeth Holmes, the company attracted hundreds of millions in investment. However, it was eventually revealed that the technology was entirely fictional. Holmes and its former Theranos president Ramesh Balwani were charged with criminal fraud, and the company was dissolved in 2018.

2. FTX

FTX, a cryptocurrency exchange founded by Sam Bankman-Fried in 2019, was once valued at over $32 billion. It rapidly grew and became one of the most recognised names in the crypto industry. However, in November 2022, FTX’s empire crashed, shocking the crypto world and beyond.

The unravelling started with a bombshell report from CoinDesk, which unveiled that FTX and its sister company, Alameda Research, heavily consisted of speculative tokens. After the news broke out, FTX’s customers rushed to withdraw their funds, but the exchange couldn’t meet these demands, leading to its bankruptcy.

Bankman-Fried was arrested and charged with fraud, money laundering, and securities violations. The FTX scandal wiped out billions of dollars in investor and user funds and shook confidence in the cryptocurrency market.

3. Satyam computers

Known as “India’s Enron,” Satyam Computers was once a shining example of success in the Indian IT sector. Founded by Ramalinga Raju, Satyam was a multinational consulting and IT services company that was listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange.

In January 2009, Raju confessed to having inflated the company’s accounts by $1.4 billion, making it one of the largest corporate frauds in Indian history. Raju and his colleagues had been falsifying financial statements for years, reporting profits that didn’t exist and hiding debts.

The revelation of this fraud led to an immediate collapse of the company’s stock price, massive layoffs, and legal action against its executives. Satyam’s downfall marked a turning point for corporate governance in India and led to stricter regulations in the tech industry.

4. OneCoin

In 2014, Ruja Ignatova, often dubbed the “crypto queen,” launched OneCoin with grand ambitions of creating a revolutionary cryptocurrency that would rival Bitcoin. The company promised high returns and a lucrative business model for investors who bought into its token, supposedly backed by real crypto assets.

However, it was soon revealed that OneCoin was nothing more than a Ponzi scheme. The company’s blockchain didn’t actually exist. By the time the fraud was uncovered, OneCoin had defrauded investors of more than $4 billion globally.

Ignatova vanished in 2017 and has not been apprehended despite being on the FBI’s most-wanted list. OneCoin’s fraudulent activities revealed the vulnerabilities within the cryptocurrency space and left numerous investors in financial ruin.

5. Mozido

Mozido, a fintech startup founded by Michael Liberty, once seemed poised for success after raising an impressive $55 million from investors. However, behind the scenes, the company operated with a web of deceit, utilising false financial data and shell companies to secure its funding.

By 2017, Michael, his wife, and several associates had spent nearly $48 million on a lavish lifestyle, buying luxury items, a dairy farm, and extravagant trips aboard private jets.

But Mozido’s high-flying existence wasn’t destined to last. Later, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) learned of the company’s misdeeds, leading to charges that would ultimately shut down Mozido’s operations.

The takeaway

These frauds serve as stark reminders of the potential risks and dangers in the startup ecosystem. While innovation and entrepreneurship continue to drive the global economy, investors and consumers must remain vigilant and critical of claims that seem too good to be true. Transparency, accountability, and due diligence are essential to avoid falling victim to the next big startup scam.



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How to onboard the right SEO partner in 2025

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SEO is rapidly evolving with AI-driven search experiences reshaping strategies. In 2025, staying competitive means focusing on market share, content optimisation, and efficient execution. With over 6,700 SEO service providers in India (registered on Clutch) and a global shift toward automation and AI, finding the right partner has never been more crucial. 

The right agency doesn’t just address immediate goals—it builds a foundation for measurable growth and long-term success. However, the path to achieving this is not without its complexities. 

The SEO challenge in 2025

SEO, for years, has been one of the most critical pillars of digital success, yet it remains misunderstood by many. India’s SEO market is booming, but saturation brings its challenges. This year presents both significant opportunities and complex challenges, requiring CMOs and other decision-makers to tread carefully when entrusting their digital growth to an agency.

Key challenges 

  • Algorithm updates: Search engines prioritise trust, user experience, and technical metrics like Core Web Vitals. Agencies must adapt continuously to these changes.
  • AI and automation: Automation improves efficiency, but strategic direction is essential for ensuring alignment with business goals.  
  • Global competition: Businesses must address regional search nuances. Multilingual SEO plays a critical role in reaching India’s diverse audience, while mobile-first strategies dominate global markets.

According to HubSpot’s 2024 report, search, websites, and blogs deliver the highest ROI, making SEO the top priority for marketers looking to maximise their investments.

High-stakes decisions

Choosing the wrong SEO partner can lead to wasted resources and harm reputations. The right partner delivers:

  • High ROI: SEO remains one of the most efficient digital marketing channels.
  • Sustained visibility: Strong SEO provides consistent relevance, even as algorithms evolve.
  • Trust and growth: Builds long-term credibility and higher conversions.

Why the challenges are growing in 2025

SEO continues to be misunderstood despite its role as a core pillar of digital success. Amid these challenges, the urgency to adopt SEO as a strategic priority has never been greater. Businesses that fail to act risk being overshadowed by competitors who are already leveraging advanced SEO tactics to secure a competitive edge and drive rapid growth.

The competitive edge you can’t ignore

SEO is no longer just an option—it’s a necessity to stay ahead of the competition. Many businesses have already embraced SEO as a core marketing channel, leveraging the expertise of agencies to achieve rapid growth. 

By adopting advanced SEO strategies, competitors are dominating search rankings, attracting high-intent customers, and driving significant revenue growth. If your business isn’t investing in SEO, it risks falling behind in a crowded digital space. Missing out on implementing SEO strategies means:

  • Your competitors are winning: Competitors who partner with skilled SEO agencies are gaining a massive edge, building visibility, trust, and authority in your industry. With 75% of marketers believing personalised experiences lead to increased sales, businesses leveraging tailored SEO strategies gain a competitive edge over lagging competitors.
  • Lost opportunities: Every day without a robust SEO strategy is a day your competitors are converting leads that could have been yours.
  • Not staying relevant: Search engines reward active and optimised efforts. If your business doesn’t adapt, it risks losing long-term relevance and market share.

Achieving this level of growth requires more than just implementation—it demands expertise that aligns technical precision, strategic planning, and a deep understanding of industry dynamics to deliver meaningful results.

seo search engine optimization

Why SEO success demands expertise

In 2025, SEO extends beyond rankings, requiring a system that aligns technical precision, content strategies, and data-driven decisions with business objectives.

Key Insights

  • Specialised strategies: SaaS brands target lead generation, while e-commerce focuses on product visibility.
  • Data utilisation: Predictive analytics increases lead conversion rates by a huge margin. HubSpot reports that businesses using AI in content creation see 84% efficiency improvement and create more personalised, effective campaigns, driving greater impact.
  • Global and local understanding: Multilingual efforts improve audience engagement in diverse regions.

Brands like Myntra and Amazon succeed by partnering with experts who understand industry-specific challenges and opportunities. However partnering with experts is just the first step—what truly sets a great SEO agency apart is its ability to combine proven experience, technical expertise, and a strategic approach tailored to your business needs.

What makes a great SEO agency

The best agencies combine proven experience, technical skills, and a client-focused approach. Some key qualities to look out for include a track record of expertise and proven expertise in the field, a strong technical team that can handle complex challenges, and the drive to craft tailored strategies aligned with your business objectives rather than cookie-cutter solutions.

A great SEO agency not only implements effective strategies but also delivers measurable outcomes and long-term advantages that go beyond rankings—benefits that are both tangible and strategic.

The benefits of SEO: Tangible and beyond

A strong SEO campaign balances measurable outcomes with adaptability. It offers tangible benefits like increased visibility through optimised keywords and technical improvements, conversions that directly connect site performance to revenue, and transparent reporting to ensure efforts align with goals.

There are also certain intangible perks to SEO, namely, a greater market understanding that reflects industry specifics, as well as adaptability, which helps maintain relevance through algorithm updates, and increased collaboration and integration with internal teams, which maximises a campaign’s success.

How to evaluate SEO agencies

Choosing the right partner involves asking the right questions:

  • Case Studies: Can the agency show measurable success?
  • Technical Expertise: How do they handle audits and updates?
  • Thought Leadership: Are they recognised for setting industry standards?
  • Trend Adaptation: Can they leverage emerging trends like zero-click content?

Questions to ask while evaluating

  • How do you structure your communication and reporting processes?
  • How do you ensure alignment between your efforts and our business goals?

Selecting an SEO partner in 2025 means moving beyond surface-level promises. The best agencies simplify the complexities of SEO while becoming strategic allies in your growth journey. Quality over cost is crucial. Low-cost agencies often cut corners, leading to missed opportunities and compromised results.

SEO in 2025 is a necessity for brands aiming to grow in an increasingly competitive industry. The right partner will go above and beyond delivering rankings, helping your business achieve sustainable growth and long-term relevance. By aligning with a team that understands your vision and has a proven track record of driving success, companies can set the stage for a brighter digital future.

(Nitin Manchanda is the Founder and Chief SEO Consultant at Botpresso.)



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Mudrex rides the crypto wave; Why India is “super important” for Freshworks

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Hello,

Something strange is brewing in the alco-bev sector, and it’s not the weekend buzz. 

Johnnie Walker maker Diageo appears to have stumbled into a regulatory storm, amid accusations by the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) of attempting to influence favourable government decisions, Reuters reported. 

To add to its woes, it is also one of the several alco-bev makers waiting on repayments of a hefty IOU from an Indian state, worth under half a billion dollars.

Diageo, Pernod Ricard and Carlsberg are demanding unpaid dues of about $466 million from Telangana, while Heineken has halted supplies altogether to southern Telangana, India’s biggest beer consumer. 

Coming on the heels of a still-active investigation by the country’s anti-trust body into accusations of price collusion by Anheuser-Busch InBev and Pernod, this is just the latest in a series of regulatory challenges for the liquor industry in India.

Meanwhile, even globally, happy hours aren’t enough of a pick-me-up for liquor brands anymore, especially after the US Surgeon General’s call for cancer warnings on alcoholic drink labels earlier last week sent shares slipping for brands worldwide. 

ICYMI: Is 2025 set to be the year of the teetotaller? The numbers say: potentially. 

Here’s to your health!

In today’s newsletter, we will talk about 

  • Mudrex grows on crypto euphoria
  • Why India is “super important” for Freshworks
  • 158,000 startups and counting

Here’s your trivia for today: What was the name given to the first plane bought by Amelia Earhart?


Cryptocurrency

Mudrex grows on crypto euphoria

Indian crypto investment platform Mudrex said it saw a 200% rise in its user base in 2024 as the company doubled down on building customer relationships and focusing on educating its users.

“We put in a lot of effort in helping people understand what crypto is … giving them a sense of how they can participate in investing in crypto without risking a lot and figuring out what’s the right balance between risk and reward,” said Edul Patel, Co-founder and CEO at Mudrex in an interview with YourStory.

Key takeaways:

  • Mudrex has also clocked in a 20X surge in monthly trading volume, touching $200 million. This refers to the total value of all trades executed on the platform.
  • “India remains the company’s primary focus. “Our primary focus right now continues to stay in India. And we want to double down and first grow in India. And then as time progresses, take steps to move out,” Patel added.
  • The company, which has received the Virtual Asset Service Provider registration in the European Union, is now in the process of applying for MiCA licence which is a permit to operate crypto-related services in the European Union.
Mudrex co founder Edul Patel

Top Funding Deals of the Week

Startup: Innovaccer

Amount: $275M

Round: Series F

Startup: Fincorp

Amount: $35M

Round: Equity

Startup: Botanic Healthcare

Amount: Rs 250 Cr

Round: Equity


SaaS

Why India is “super important” for Freshworks

Freshworks CEO Dennis Woodside believes leveraging India’s vast engineering and software talent remains crucial for the software-as-a-service (SaaS) provider to innovate and expand globally.

“We have over 3,800 employees here spread across Hyderabad, Bengaluru, and Chennai. We built virtually all of our products—almost all of our code—here in India,” Woodside says in an exclusive interaction with YourStory. 

Being bullish:

  • Beyond being a development hub for Freshworks, India is also a crucial market in the CX (customer experience) segment to assist customers with vast user bases—PhonePe being a prominent example.
  • Freshworks’ growth has been fueled by its latest AI offerings, most notably Freddy AI, an easy-to-deploy autonomous service agent built to enhance CX and employee experience. “We’ve been able to scale to support customers with millions of interactions with their end customers,” Woodside says.
  • Freshworks is also bullish on nurturing the nation’s talent and providing pathways for professional growth. Its STS Software Academy equips underprivileged high school graduates with advanced tech skills. 
Dennis Woodside

Startup Ecosystem

158,000 startups and counting

India’s startup ecosystem has grown exponentially since the launch of the Startup India initiative in 2016, with the number of startups surging from around 400 then to over 158,000 today, according to the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT).

Up and up:

  • The ecosystem’s reach is broadening with 48% of startups now originating from Tier II and III cities, DPIIT Joint Secretary Sanjiv Singh noted.
  • India’s unicorn count has expanded dramatically, increasing from eight in 2016 to 118 by 2024. The sector has also created over 1.7 million jobs, he added.
  • Key policy boosts, including removing the angel tax in the last Budget and launching the Fund of Funds for Startups scheme in 2016 have contributed to this growth.
Amardeep Singh

News & updates

  • Great debate: The US Supreme Court will hear arguments about the future of TikTok on Friday, only nine days before a federal law is set to ban the social media platform in the US if it isn’t sold by its Chinese parent company.
  • Shelved: Disney’s ESPN, Fox Corp, and Warner Bros Discovery aren’t moving forward with their joint streaming venture Venu Sports, calling off what would have been a major bet as the industry’s dynamics shift rapidly.
  • AI boom: Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co, the world’s largest contract chipmaker, reported on Friday fourth-quarter revenue that easily beat market forecasts and hit its own expectations as it reaped the benefit of AI demand.

What was the name given to the first plane bought by Amelia Earhart?

Answer: Canary.


We would love to hear from you! To let us know what you liked and disliked about our newsletter, please mail [email protected]

If you don’t already get this newsletter in your inbox, sign up here. For past editions of the YourStory Buzz, you can check our Daily Capsule page here



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The rise of hyperlocal marketing: How FMCG brands are connecting with diverse regional markets

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In today’s fast-paced, competitive environment, providing customers with a personalised experience is more crucial than ever. That is where hyperlocal marketing steps in. It helps the brands connect on a different level by zeroing in on other locations, local preferences and languages and cultures. Hyperlocal marketing is becoming the need of the hour for FMCG brands to not only exist but to compete in today’s rapidly evolving market.

What is hyperlocal marketing?

Hyperlocal marketing refers to tailoring marketing efforts to particular local areas, which sometimes can be focused on a relatively small radius around a business location.

This means adjusting campaigns to fit the tastes, needs, and behaviours of people in the local areas. The ultimate target of hyperlocal marketing is ready-to-buy customers, making it a good tool for increasing sales, building brand loyalty, and fostering stronger community connections.

Brands have learned that one size does not fit all in the consumer marketplace of today. Brands have to evolve and fit into the varied demands of the market to stay relevant, making sure products are priced right, and marketed directly to the consumer.

The rise of a focused approach

Technological advances and changes in consumer behaviour are helping in the growth of the hyperlocal marketing model. The deep penetration of both smartphones and the internet is opening doors for businesses to communicate directly with customers in Tier II and III cities.

This has led brands to focus on creating content relevant to specific regions to address the cultural and linguistic identity of local consumers and thus, improve engagement as well as returns on investments.

Hyperlocal strategy is cheaper compared to the other traditional broad-spectrum marketing tactics, as it is more targeted at delivering specific results by having a small, well-defined audience to target.

For instance, instead of going for a nationwide campaign, one may go for the specific product in a region where they know it is in great demand. This saves money and boosts the effectiveness of a campaign.

The art of digital localisation

Digital marketing localisation is a key component of hyperlocal strategies. It translates to tailoring content, campaigns, and messaging according to regional linguistic and cultural preferences.

The most central element remains language, as having websites and advertisements translated along with social media posts into local languages makes content more accessible and relatable.

Localisation, however, is more than just translation. It demands cultural adaptation to ensure that the tone, imagery, and references come across authentically to the reader. For example, a regional festival, tradition, or icon in an ad can help consumers feel emotionally attached to the brand, leading to loyalty and trust.

Leveraging technology for personalisation

Technological developments like geo-targeting and data analytics further reinforce hyperlocal marketing. Geo-targeting allows brands to serve appropriate offers or content for users from the same geographical location in which they exist. Hence, it can also be significantly deployed to know the regional requirements.

Amazon and Flipkart, among the other big ecommerce companies, dominate at geo-targeting—suggesting products that may best suit a specific local preference, shipping options, and discounts. They evaluate customer data and provide customized solutions according to market preference.

The hyperlocal strategies are also supported by social media platforms. Social media helps brands create campaigns based on region, work with local influencers, and target ads at specific audiences.

An uplift for FMCG brands

Hyperlocal marketing has proven to be an important tool in reaching diverse markets for FMCG brands. They mostly work across various cultural and economic backgrounds and hence need to attend to local tastes and expectations. They can, by using hyperlocal strategies, connect better with the customer, enhance visibility for their brand, and get an edge in their reputation as a reliable local brand.

Hyperlocal marketing also boosts word-of-mouth promotion, the most potent weapon for establishing trust. Customers are more likely to talk about a brand which is making authentic efforts to understand their needs and preferences.

The road ahead

The growth of the internet in small towns as well as rural setups can expand the horizon of prospects for hyper-local marketing. Increasing mobile adaption with localized search preference represents something big for brands—being able to attract new customer profiles while furthering their foothold in different markets.

With a deep understanding of the cultural subtleties and preferences of the local communities, hyperlocal marketing can portray brands as trustworthy and relevant companions for their customers. As companies continue to grow, such a niche approach can become an anchor for meaningful relations and business growth in FMCG.


Kush Aggarwal, Head of Marketing, Bikano

(Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of YourStory.)



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