Startup
Green pastures: Green jobs market awaits skilled talent amid ripe opportunities
In the bustling tech hub of Hyderabad, where ancient minarets jostle for skyline space with gleaming office towers, nineteen-year-old Satyavathi Kolapalli is contemplating a future that bridges two seemingly disparate worlds: semiconductors and sustainability.
“I can pursue my core field in electronics and aim to enter the semiconductor industry after graduating, where I plan to drive innovation by integrating sustainability into the work I do,” Kolapalli—a second-year B. Tech. student in Electronics and Communication at Hyderabad’s Malla Reddy College of Engineering for Women—shares her plans with YourStory.
The recent, harrowing hurricanes in North America and unprecedented rainfall in many parts of India, including the deadly landslides in Kerala, were not merely isolated climate events. It’s only the beginning of what our planet’s future holds if climate change is not controlled.
While modern-day industrialisation cannot be fully stopped, the world must transition to a sustainable, low-carbon economy—facilitated by creating green jobs.
Green jobs are roles that contribute to environmental sustainability by reducing emissions, conserving resources, and promoting eco-friendly practices.
These jobs are ripe with career growth opportunities for experienced professionals, while they open up diverse pathways for fresh graduates, expanding options beyond traditional tech careers.
Most green jobs are found in renewable energy (solar, wind, hydro, biofuels, biogas), water management, e-waste management, green hydrogen, green building, and electric vehicles, among other sectors.
Despite these jobs being in demand, the green sector cannot fill these positions owing to a significant skill gap. This is where Indian institutions, including the IITs, NITs, and central universities—with their green skilling programmes—come into the picture.
Some of these courses are IIT Kanpur’s e-Masters in climate finance and sustainability, IIT Delhi’s MTech in environmental engineering and management, IISC Bengaluru’s MTech in sustainable technologies, and IIT Kharagpur’s MTech in renewable energy technologies.
Besides, the National Skill Development Corporation, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Confederation of Indian Industry, and National Solar Energy Institute provide green skills training in renewable energy, energy efficiency, and waste management sectors through various channels, including government colleges and polytechnics.
Today, green skills such as artificial intelligence (AI), sustainable design, data analysis, and project management, coupled with traditional green expertise, are most sought after in the jobs market.
Addressing the skill gap early
According to LinkedIn’s Global Climate Talent Stocktake 2024, the gap between the demand for green talent and its availability is rapidly widening. While demand increased by 11.6% from 2023 to 2024, the supply grew by only 5.6%. If these trends continue, there will be twice as many jobs requiring green skills as there are qualified candidates by 2050.
So, where does one begin?
For young learners like Kolapalli, green skilling has already begun. This year, the Telangana Department of Information Technology, Electronics, and Communications launched the Green Skills Academy in Hyderabad in partnership with 1M1B (One Million for One Billion), a UN-accredited nonprofit.
After five months of leadership training and problem-solving skills development at the academy, she will present her project, “Nurture Sapling,” at the United Nations headquarters, addressing the UN Sustainable Development Goal 2: Zero Hunger.
The academy—which targets young adults aged 18–25—has collaborated with the Telangana Academy for Skill and Knowledge (TASK), T-Hub, and T-Works to fill the skills gap by offering theoretical knowledge and practical experience in green skills, sustainability, and AI. Around 500 learners have completed the programme so far.
According to T-Hub CEO Mahankali Srinivas Rao, the initiative by the Telangana government to establish the academy will raise awareness and prepare young people to seize opportunities in the green jobs space. The partnership aims to train one million youth from Telangana by 2030.
“The curriculum [of the programme] is fairly engaging with a lot of exponential learning, and the feedback has been uniformly positive,” Rao says, adding that they will build on it.
Comparing it to learning subjects like maths, physics, or chemistry, he says the green initiative should be integrated as a core part of education rather than treated as a separate or discretionary effort.
Engineering students from nearly 400-500 colleges under TASK will benefit from this initiative, where selected students will undergo a 60-hour internship—contributing 40 hours to a live project and 20 hours to lectures and mentorship.
Manav Subodh, Founder and Chief Mentor of 1M1B, calls the academy a “finishing school” for those looking to enter green jobs.
He says 1M1B has also collaborated with the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), a national statutory body for technical education, to provide a 60-hour internship to any engineering student from an AICTE-approved institution.
Students can earn two credits with the internship, which they can complete in three months in an accelerated format or six months in a more flexible format.
Post the internship, they can also participate in fellowships lasting from six months to one year—coordinated with 1,000 small and medium businesses. A basic fellowship stipend could range from Rs 10,000 to Rs 35,000 per month.
“The majority of participants are going to get placed because they possess these green skills, gaining real-world exposure. They may be recruited by major food and beverage companies, large manufacturing firms, or significant players in the iron and steel industry,” Subodh explains.
In the tech sector, freshers typically make up about 33% of new hires across various functions, Munira Loliwala, Vice President of Business Strategy and Growth at TeamLease Digital, tells YourStory.
She adds the intake of freshers is lower—currently around 10-12%—in green sectors, but it is expected to grow over time.
Green job opportunities
The green industry in India, Loliwala says, accounted for about 18.5 million jobs in FY23, with an anticipated addition of 2.77 million jobs by FY25.
The ‘Gearing Up the Workforce for a Green Economy’ report by the Skill Council for Green Jobs, predicts India could create 35 million green jobs by 2047 in renewable energy, waste management, EVs, green construction, and sustainable textiles sectors.
Green jobs can be split into technical roles (63%) where software developers, IT specialists, etc., use technology to tackle environmental issues. The non-technical roles (37%) require specialised environmental expertise like engineers, planners, geologists, etc.
Despite opportunities, Loliwala highlights a shortage of talent in senior leadership roles within green jobs. It raises the need to focus on reskilling leaders to fill these positions, as they are essential for moving up the value chain and building strong teams.
“If you have a strong leader, the intake of freshers will automatically increase, creating a strong value proposition,” she explains.
Many people can transition into green jobs, which often offer higher salaries and better titles—moving from task-based positions to strategic roles like portfolio managers or researchers. Non-tech professionals, such as law or finance graduates, can also shift easily with relevant qualifications.
According to Subodh, there’s more action in the upskilling sector because many mid-career professionals feel stuck, leading to a rise in climate-related career pivots.
The rising demand for green jobs has led to greater interest in upskilling courses that combine traditional green skills with digital competencies like AI, data analytics, and project management.
Online platforms, including Coursera, edX, Udacity, LinkedIn Learning, Eruditus, and upGrad, are also joining the bandwagon to offer relevant courses, making it easier for individuals to gain the skills needed for green job opportunities.
Loliwala notes that experienced professionals in green jobs can expect a compensation increase, often exceeding 30-35%, while freshers typically earn salaries about 10-15% higher than those in traditional job markets.
Towards a sustainable future
India aims for net-zero emissions by 2070 and 50% of energy from non-fossil sources by 2030, and achieving these will require a workforce skilled in green competencies.
Resistance to change, lack of expertise, and cost issues—coupled with a shortage of formal job training in this area—have marred many companies from adopting green solutions.
Loliwala explains that most training is provided in a fragmented manner, and this skills gap presents a major obstacle to achieving a sustainable economy.
She further notes that multiple policies at different levels complicate implementation, resulting in the concept remaining a topic of discussion rather than action.
That said, T-Hub’s Rao believes this is a national priority. While states like Maharashtra and Gujarat have moved ahead, others are progressing more slowly, and it’s only a matter of time before they all catch up.
India’s planned transition to a net-zero economy offers significant opportunities for job creation and economic growth, generating over 50 million green jobs, and adding more than $15 trillion to the economy.
As for many young learners like Kolapalli, who will present her project at the 1M1B Activate Impact Summit at the UN headquarters in December 2024, the future looks bright with growing opportunities in the green jobs space as long as the skill gap continues to narrow.
“It is a good start, but there is a long way to go,” says Rao.
Startup
Google Cloud to boost support for early-stage AI startups with new programmes, partnerships
has rolled out a range of programmes and partnerships to accelerate the growth of AI startups In India. The initiatives, announced at an AI Startups Summit in Bengaluru, will support early-stage AI founders in building, scaling, and expanding their customer base through the utilisation of Google Cloud services.
The tech giant recently introduced Emerging ISV Partner Springboard—a 12-week programme designed to fuel growth for AI startups. Participants will benefit from hands-on support in creating go-to-market assets, consultations with Google AI experts for product refinement, guidance on technical architecture best practices, and streamlined onboarding to Google Cloud Marketplace.
“Google is committed to empowering AI startups to drive innovation and growth. These initiatives demonstrate our dedication to providing critical support and resources to early-stage founders, helping them build and scale successful AI-powered businesses,” said Manish Gupta, Senior Director, Research, Google DeepMind.
During a fireside chat at the Global Google Cloud Summit, Google Cloud CEO Thomas Kurian applauded startups leveraging AI and cloud technology.
“At Google Cloud, our mission is to support these pioneers by providing the essential tools, resources, and mentorship they need to thrive. Through strategic partnerships, tailored programs, and advanced infrastructure, we are committed to enabling businesses to scale their impact and drive the next wave of digital transformation,” said Kurian.
Early-stage founders will receive enhanced support through the Google for Startups Cloud Program, which will offer $200,000 in Google Cloud credits over two years. AI-based startups will receive even greater support, receiving $350,000 in credits to address the demanding computational needs of advanced AI development, the company said in a statement.
In addition, Google has collaborated with Y Combinator to provide exclusive access to NVIDIA H100 GPUs and Google Cloud TPUs, along with cloud credits, support, and mentorship for its Summer 2024 group of AI-focused startups.
Furthermore, the tech giant is also joining forces with early-stage accelerators and incubators such as 500, StartX, and Berkeley Skydeck to provide early-stage founders with a special package, including Google Cloud credits, expert advice, and technical workshops
Earlier, the California-headquartered firm also announced the launch of Startup School: GenAI, a four-week training programme designed to help startups leverage AI.
Startup
Future in the Making: Top 10 Mega Projects Shaping Our World Beyond 2030
Mega projects represent the pinnacle of human ambition and engineering prowess, often involving colossal investments and extensive timelines. As we look beyond 2030, several monumental undertakings are set to reshape our world. Here’s an in-depth exploration of the top 10 most expensive megaprojects slated for completion after 2030.
10. Microsoft and OpenAI Data Center and Supercomputer – $100 Billion
In a bold move to advance artificial intelligence, Microsoft and OpenAI are collaborating on a data center project estimated at $100 billion. Dubbed “Stargate,” this U.S.-based facility aims to house an AI supercomputer equipped with millions of specialized chips, pushing the boundaries of AI capabilities. The project is currently in the planning stages, with operations expected to commence by 2028.
9. Forest City in Malaysia – $100 Billion
Forest City, a visionary urban development in Johor, Malaysia, encompasses four man-made islands spanning 30 square kilometers. Designed as a smart and green city, it integrates vertical greenery and cutting-edge technology to create an idyllic living environment. Despite initial challenges, including low occupancy rates, recent initiatives such as the establishment of a duty-free zone aim to revitalize the project and attract both residents and investors.
8. California High-Speed Railway – $100 Billion
The California High-Speed Rail project seeks to connect major cities across the state with a fast, efficient transportation system. With an estimated cost of $100 billion, the project has faced delays and budget overruns. However, construction is progressing, with segments in the Central Valley under development. Completion is anticipated in the 2030s, promising to transform travel within California.
7. Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor – $100 Billion
The Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC) is an ambitious infrastructure project aimed at developing industrial zones between India’s capital, Delhi, and its financial hub, Mumbai. Spanning 1,500 kilometers, the corridor includes smart cities, industrial clusters, and high-speed freight lines. With an investment of $100 billion, the project is set to boost economic growth and is expected to be completed in phases, extending beyond 2030.
6. King Abdullah Economic City – $100 Billion
Located along Saudi Arabia’s Red Sea coast, King Abdullah Economic City (KAEC) is a massive development project covering 173 square kilometers. With an investment of $100 billion, KAEC aims to diversify the nation’s economy by attracting global businesses and tourists. The city features residential areas, industrial zones, and a major port. While parts of the city are operational, full completion is projected for the 2030s.
5. Silk City in Kuwait – $132 Billion
Kuwait’s Silk City, or Madinat al-Hareer, is a planned urban area intended to transform the nation’s economy. With an estimated cost of $132 billion, the project includes the construction of the world’s tallest tower, residential areas, and a free trade zone. The development aims to position Kuwait as a regional hub for commerce and tourism, with completion expected after 2030.
4. New International Space Station – $230 Billion
As the current International Space Station (ISS) approaches the end of its operational life, plans are underway for a new space station. With an estimated budget of $230 billion, this next-generation orbital platform will support scientific research, commercial activities, and international collaboration. Construction is expected to begin in the late 2020s, with full operations commencing in the 2030s.
3. Gulf Railway – $250 Billion
The Gulf Railway project aims to connect the six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries—Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, and Oman—through a 2,177-kilometer rail network. With an estimated cost of $250 billion, the railway will facilitate trade and travel across the region. While progress has been slow, recent commitments suggest completion is targeted for the early 2030s.
2. Neom City – $500 Billion
Neom is Saudi Arabia’s flagship mega-project, envisioned as a futuristic city powered entirely by renewable energy. With a staggering budget of $500 billion, Neom aims to incorporate smart city technologies, sustainable living, and advanced robotics. The project includes The Line, a 170-kilometer linear city designed to house 9 million residents. Construction is underway, with significant milestones expected in the 2030s.
1. Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T) – $600 Billion
The Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T) is an ambitious initiative by the European Union to enhance connectivity across the continent. With an estimated investment of $600 billion, the project encompasses roads, railways, airports, and waterways, aiming to facilitate the seamless movement of goods and people. The comprehensive network is slated for completion by 2050, with significant progress expected post-2030.
These mega projects exemplify human ingenuity and the relentless pursuit of progress. As they come to fruition in the coming decades, they promise to reshape economies, enhance connectivity, and pave the way for a more interconnected world.
Startup
The Trillion-Dollar AI Showdown: Microsoft, Google, and Meta in the Race to Dominate Tech’s Next Frontier
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has swiftly transitioned from a futuristic concept to a cornerstone of modern technology, reshaping industries and daily life. Leading this transformation are tech giants Microsoft, Google, and Meta, each investing billions into AI development. This article delves into their strategies, financial commitments, and the broader implications of this trillion-dollar AI race.
Microsoft: Integrating AI Across the Board
Microsoft has seamlessly woven AI into its suite of products, enhancing user experience and productivity. A notable example is Copilot, an AI assistant embedded in applications like Word and Excel, designed to streamline tasks and boost efficiency. This integration has resonated with enterprises; nearly 70% of Fortune 500 companies have adopted Copilot, with firms like Vodafone reporting weekly time savings of approximately three hours per employee.
Financially, Microsoft’s AI endeavors are yielding significant returns. In the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2024, the company reported a 16% increase in revenue, totaling $65.6 billion. This growth was largely driven by Azure and cloud services, which saw a 33% increase in revenue, with 12 percentage points stemming from AI-related products and services.
To support this AI expansion, Microsoft has invested heavily in infrastructure. The company spent $20 billion in the recent quarter, evenly divided between building data centers and acquiring computing equipment like servers and AI chips. This substantial investment underscores Microsoft’s commitment to meeting the growing demand for AI services.
Google: Building a Comprehensive AI Ecosystem
Google’s approach to AI focuses on developing a complete stack, from hardware to software, to create powerful and efficient systems. The company has made significant strides in AI integration, with AI now generating about 25% of all new code at Google, subsequently reviewed by human engineers before deployment.
The impact of AI on Google’s services is evident. Google Lens handles over 20 billion visual searches each month, and AI-enhanced search features serve more than a billion people across 100 countries. In the business sector, Google Cloud, which houses the company’s AI services, grew 35% in the recent quarter, generating $11.4 billion in revenue.
To sustain this growth, Google invested $13 billion in the recent quarter, with $7 billion directed toward new data center construction specifically for AI. The company relies on a mix of custom Tensor Processing Unit (TPU) chips and Nvidia’s GPUs to power its AI initiatives.
Meta: Embracing Open-Source AI
Meta has taken a unique approach by adopting an open-source strategy for its AI development. This means making some of its AI tools and models available to the public, fostering collaboration and innovation within the programming community.
The integration of AI into Meta’s social platforms has been substantial. AI-driven recommendations have increased time spent on Facebook by 8% and on Instagram by 6%. In the advertising domain, over a million advertisers used Meta’s AI tools last month alone to create more than 15 million ads, boosting conversion rates by about 7% for businesses utilizing AI-generated images.
Meta’s commitment to AI is further demonstrated by its investment of $9.2 billion in the recent quarter, with around 60% allocated directly to servers and AI-specific hardware. The company follows a strict five-year cycle for updating its equipment, ensuring it remains at the forefront of technological advancements.
The Broader Implications
The combined efforts of Microsoft, Google, and Meta highlight a collective belief in AI’s transformative potential. In a single quarter, these three companies collectively generated approximately $182.5 billion in revenue, with a net income of about $66.7 billion. This excludes other tech giants like Amazon and Apple, underscoring the massive scale of investment and return in the AI sector.
However, these advancements come with challenges. Building data centers is a complex endeavor, often taking up to two years and requiring locations with sufficient power and cooling capabilities. Additionally, the energy consumption of these centers is significant, prompting companies like Google to commit to powering their AI data centers with nuclear energy, aiming to generate 500 megawatts of carbon-free power.
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