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Understanding payment fraud: The growing threat to fintech startups

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In recent years, several fintech startups have transformed how people view financial services by creating solutions that make payments, lending, and investments easier.

However, the risk of payment fraud is increasing and is one of the most significant challenges for fintech companies as the sector grows.

In this article, we will dive deep into payment fraud, its effects on fintech startups, and the possible measures to be implemented for such risks.

The rise of payment fraud

Payment fraud is a transaction made to steal money or sensitive financial data from individuals or businesses without the owners’ knowledge or permission. Over the years, as technology has advanced to facilitate business operations through digital means, criminals have found new ways to practice their vice by embedding themselves in digital payment systems.

For fintech startups, the threat is particularly pronounced. In contrast to traditional banking institutions, a great number of fintechs are still in the stage of developing their infrastructure and security measures, therefore appealing to hackers.

Furthermore, advanced technologies like mobile payment systems, peer-to-peer payment systems, and cryptocurrency have increased the threat level, giving more room for unscrupulous activities.

Types of payment fraud

  1. Card-Not-Present (CNP) Fraud: Involves making purchases online but not physically presenting the payment card. As fintech is much more oriented toward digital wallets and other online payment channels, CNP fraud has become quite prevalent and is an even bigger challenge.
  2. Account Takeover (ATO): If fraudsters use phishing under pretences, credential stuffing, or simply exploiting lazy passwords, they may access a client’s account. From this point onwards, they are free to carry out any transactions within that account on a fraudulent basis.
  3. Identity Theft: Cybercriminals may steal personal information to create new identities or take over other existing ones to make fraudulent payments or open new accounts in the victim’s name.
  4. Friendly Fraud: This occurs when legitimate customers dispute a legitimate transaction, falsely claiming they didn’t authorise it, which leads to chargebacks. While sometimes unintentional, this type of fraud can be difficult to distinguish from intentional fraud.
  5. Payment Processor Fraud: Fintech companies rely on third-party processors to process payments. Fraudsters may target such processors to get access to large payment data, which could compromise thousands of transactions.

The impact on fintech startups

Payment fraud can bring serious consequences for any startup in the fintech sector. Financial losses are an obvious problem, but it is not only money at stake. Here are some key impacts:

  • Financial losses: Fraudulent transactions can result in direct financial losses to the firm and its clients. There can also be deducted chargebacks, imposed fines, and legal costs to resolve fraud issues that may escalate very fast.
  • Reputation damage: Fintech is all about trust. Customers expect such platforms to protect their money without potential risks. Even a single case of conspicuous and shameful fraud can instil fear among the clients and, consequently, loss of sales.
  • Regulatory scrutiny: Financial institutions, including fintech companies, are subject to various regulations, such as the Payment Services Directive 2 (PSD2) in Europe or the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). If a company experiences a data breach or fails to comply with anti-fraud standards, it may face hefty fines and other legal consequences.
  • Operational disruption: Combating fraud is not only time-consuming but also expensive and can paralyse a fintech startup’s operations because new measures may take time before they are in place, and customers might have to be attended to, or the situation escalates into a law enforcement issue.

Preventing payment fraud: best practices for fintech startups

In light of the increasing incidents of payment fraud, the majority of the fintech startups developed an active multi-layered security strategy. Below are some essential methods:

 

  1. Implement strong authentication: The best method to reduce fraud drastically is through implementing multi-factor authentication (MFA). Added security would require customers to verify their identity using multiple means. For instance, passwords and one-time passcodes are sent to their mobile devices.
  2. Utilise ML and AI: Artificial intelligence and machine learning tools can help detect fraudulent activities in real-time by analysing patterns in transaction data. These technologies can identify suspicious behaviour, such as unusual spending patterns or multiple failed login attempts, and flag it before it leads to fraud.
  3. Adopt Tokenization: Tokenization is the process of replacing sensitive payment information with a unique token. Even if fraudsters gain access to the system, the token is useless without the decryption key. This technique can significantly reduce the risk of data breaches.
  4. Educate customers: Customer education is crucial in the fight against fraud. Fintech startups should regularly remind customers about phishing scams, weak passwords, and how to recognise fraudulent activity. By empowering users with knowledge, startups can reduce the likelihood of successful fraud attempts.

Payment fraud is probably one of the biggest threats to fintech startups, with devastating repercussions from financial losses to reputational damage. As the industry grows, so does the need for robust fraud prevention measures. It can be done through advanced security technologies, strong authentication, and educating customers to minimise fraud risks, protecting their and their customer’s business from emerging threats.

In such a changed landscape, vigilance and proactivity are the keys to sustaining the trust and integrity expected in modern financial services from their customers.

Shams Tabrej is the CEO of Ezeepay.

(Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of YourStory.)





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Beyond the Rs 35 crore: Why MapmyIndia’s governance crisis won’t end here

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Even if MapmyIndia gives up its plans to invest ₹35 crore in the business-to-consumer (B2C) venture of its former CEO, market analysts say it won’t wash away the stains on the company’s reputation or fix its deeper governance problems.

The controversy stems from CE Info Systems’ recent exchange filing about its CEO Rohan Verma. According to the filing, Verma would leave MapmyIndia to start a new business-to-consumer (B2C) venture. What caught investors’ attention was the investment structure: CE Info Systems, MapmyIndia’s parent company, would invest in this new venture through two channels—first taking a minority 10% stake for ₹10 lakh, and then providing a much larger investment of ₹35 crore through compulsory convertible debentures (CCDs). This meant Verma would retain 90% ownership of the venture while accessing significant funding from the listed company.

CCDs are a combination of debt and equity that can later be converted into equity shares. They are commonly used by startups seeking capital while maintaining control over equity distribution.

Shriram Subramanian, Founder of proxy advisory firm InGovern Research Services, cuts through to the real issue. “The promoters have misunderstood that the Rs 35-crore investment to support the B2C business is the concern for minority shareholders. On the contrary, it is the 90% promoter ownership of a business that was incubated and will derive all resources from the listed company, that is the concern,” he points out.

He further warns that “investors will always suspect that funds from the listed company will be used on the sly.”

This structure means any profits would benefit the promoter, while the listed company bears the operational costs and risks.

Deepak Shenoy, Founder and CEO of Capitalmind, a SEBI registered portfolio manager, drives home the governance red flag: “The issue is of governance because now shareholders cannot participate in the growth of the consumer business. Therefore, most of the value added that’s created in the consumer business is lost essentially.”

For MapmyIndia, founded in 1995 by husband-wife duo Rakesh Varma and Rashmi Verma, the fallout has been severe. Subramanian delivers a stark assessment: “Reputation and goodwill with investors built over 30 years has now been lost. Investors that consider good governance will not touch the company with a bargepole.”

Market impact

The market’s verdict was clear. CE Info Systems’ shares hit a 52-week low of Rs 1,534 during Tuesday’s trading, before closing at Rs 1538.65 on BSE. The decline extended losses from Monday, following the weekend announcement and subsequent conference call. They were trading at Rs 1,560.75 at 12:20 pm on Wednesday.

During the Monday conference call, the company described its consumer business as a “distraction,” suggesting the separation was intended to protect MapmyIndia’s profit and loss statement from the new venture’s losses. This comes as MapmyIndia reported an 8.2% drop in consolidated net profit at Rs 30.3 crore, despite revenue from operations climbing 14% to Rs 103.7 crore in the quarter ended September 30, 2024.

While Rohan Verma told The Economic Times that he’ll fund the B2C venture himself instead of taking the Rs 35 crore from the parent company, experts say the company’s approach to its consumer business needs rethinking.

Queries sent by YourStory to Rohan Verma were unanswered at the time of publishing this copy.

Alternative solutions

The company’s rationale for separating the B2C business hasn’t convinced investors. Shenoy dismisses the current reasoning as weak and points to the Jio Financial-Reliance model as a better solution: “If you wanted to separate it because it has low margins, you should demerge it and get all shareholders to own a part of it. Those shareholders can then sell those shares whenever they want.”

He elaborates that a demerger would allow the business to develop independently and raise additional capital without impacting the parent company’s margins. “The business can take new hues and not be consolidated with the current business because it is demerged. Therefore, there is no fear that those margins will come and impact the parent company. You will be able to build that business independently and raise more money independently,” he explains.

Subramanian says, “If they wanted to spawn a B2C business it should have been spun off as a 100% subsidiary and external capital raised in that subsidiary.” This structure would ensure the venture remains under CE Info Systems’ control, rather than being primarily owned by Rohan Verma as initially proposed.

He also emphasises accountability: “The board of directors, especially the independent directors, are accountable for signing off on such a structure.”





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Meet the 10 companies that have made an impact in 2024

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Economic tides may ebb and flow, but India’s entrepreneurial ecosystem is poised for continued growth. Rising digital connectivity and tech investment are set to help India’s startup ecosystem grow 2.6 times by 2030.

Amid new market trends, business challenges, and opportunities, a few companies are emerging as game changers and helping shape tomorrow’s landscape today. Whether it’s through innovation, strong leadership, or delivering what customers need, these 10 companies have stood out in 2024.

The Green Chapter

Founded in 2018 by mother-daughter duo Anchal and Aanvi Jain, The Green Chapter is all about eco-ethical choices and supporting local artisans. It makes sustainability effortless with a range of planet-friendly products. From seed paper notebooks and bamboo travel kits to cork-based office essentials like file folders and yoga mats, every product is crafted with care for the environment. The company’s handmade crochet bookmarks and flower bouquets, created by local artisans, add a personal touch to sustainability. The Green Chapter, which represented India’s eco-friendly collection and sustainable products on a global stage in Milan, also offers zero-waste hotel amenities kits and unique corporate gifting options.

Bordoloi Biotech

Dr Binoy K Bordoloi, Founder of Bordoloi Biotech, is a pioneering scientist and entrepreneur with over 35 years of experience in medical devices and pharmaceuticals. He developed HerboJoint (India) and HerboCare (USA), integrating Ayurvedic wisdom with modern science. Bordoloi’s innovations in peritoneal dialysis and wound management have earned multiple patents. He authored Naamghar in America, highlighting the neo-Vaishnavite Guru Sankardeva’s prayer house. His contributions extend to community service, including leadership roles in cultural organisations and philanthropic efforts in Assam and North America.

Cake2homes

Cake2homes, founded by Hemin Shah in 2017, has rapidly grown into one of India’s leading gifting delivery services. Specialising in cakes, flowers, and gifts, the company operates in over 150 cities, offering tailor-made packages for every occasion. Known for its punctuality and exceptional service, Cake2homes fills a significant gap in the market, ensuring timely and high-quality deliveries. From humble beginnings, Shah has navigated the company through challenges, including financial struggles and personal setbacks. Cake2homes, a trusted name among households and corporate clients, has a strong online presence, and continues to make every celebration special.

HSW Embroidery Machines

Founded in 2013, HSW Embroidery Machines is a rising brand in the embroidery industry. An emerging name in India, the company has revolutionised traditional embroidery by transforming intricate, time-consuming handwork into seamless, machine-powered creations with cutting-edge technology. HSW has a presence abroad, and has also impacted global markets. Notably, it has enhanced the lives of over 4,000 women, empowering them to achieve financial independence and better lifestyles. HSW believes in creating embropreneurs, combining tradition with technology to transform the embroidery industry with passion and purpose.

Bibliophiles 

Bibliophiles is a brand that crafts premium personalised school supplies for children aged 0-7 years. The company’s range includes personalised labels, stationery, apparel accessories, activity kits, and books, all designed with positive parenting principles in mind. Bibliophiles focuses on reducing screen time, fostering empathy, enhancing a sense of belonging, and promoting well-rounded growth in children. Rooted in real parenting insights, its child-safe, practical, and attractive products support meaningful early childhood development. In just one year, Bibliophiles has served over 25,000 customers, built a 5,000-strong mothers’ community, and gained 22,000 followers.

Contetra 

Contetra Private Ltd, led by ex-Big 4 consultants, specialises in finance transformation for MSMEs and mid-size companies. The services it offers include ERP consulting for successful implementation and ROI optimisation (ERPNext, Odoo, SAP, Oracle, Microsoft), virtual CFO services to drive MSME growth with real-time performance insights, GAAP Advisory for IFRS/Ind AS/US GAAP compliance, process excellence to streamline MIS and AR/AP cycles, and upskilling and resourcing to empower finance teams.

Rangreli

Started in 2015 by Prashant Sharma and Kumarika Singh, Rangreli has grown into a beloved home decor brand that is celebrated for its artistic nameplates for homes and offices. The catalogue, which blends functionality with artistry, includes a stunning range of lamps, wall art. and serve ware. Rangreli aims to be an A-to-Z solution for home decor and custom gifting. From hand-painted nameplates and Pichwai-inspired wall art, to table lamps and serve ware, it transforms homes into artistic havens. With 20,000+ loyal customers, Rangreli has thrived through its D2C model and makes handcrafted elegance widely accessible.

Teachnook

Kajal Dave, Co-founder, Teachnook, began her journey in Amsterdam, where she completed her master’s in business. Driven by a vision to provide quality education at minimal costs, she explored online education with Teachnook. Over three years, she has scaled Teachnook’s operations, achieving remarkable revenue growth and establishing a thriving workforce. Now, with her new venture, Launch Ed, Dave is revolutionising the e-learning world by introducing cutting-edge initiative programmes like SaaS career training, global internships, and research paper mentorship, pioneering paths that redefine what online learning can achieve.

Xtraminds Digital Solution Ltd

Mamta Kumari is a serial entrepreneur and digital marketing strategist with a proven track record. Currently, as Co-founder and marketing head of Xtraminds Digital Solution Ltd, she helps her clients devise effective digital marketing strategies for growth. She believes that nothing matters more than the ROI for her clients, and she has helped D2C and B2B clients from India, the US, Canada, Australia, and the Middle East grow their sales by 10X. A Delhi University graduate with 9 years of experience, she has founded and led marketing for companies such as Keeto and Twofold IT Solution.

Eewa Farms

Eewa Farms was born out of Founder Saurabh Arora’s deep concern for the chemicals in our food and groundwater contamination. Disturbed by these realities, and after 20+ years in the corporate world, he set out to bring professionalism and purpose to farming. Drawing from a decade of exploring sustainability and visiting 70+ farms, he built a venture focused on residue-free, nutritious produce through hydroponics. With strong family support and a dedicated team, Eewa Farms leads the way in clean, responsible, ethical, and innovative agriculture for a healthier future.






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White collar hiring activity rises by 2% in November: Report

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White-collar hiring activity reported a modest 2% growth in November compared to the same month last year, mainly driven by sectors including oil and gas, artificial intelligence-machine learning (AI/ML), FMCG among others, a report said on Tuesday.

Naukri JobSpeak Index, an indicator of white-collar hiring activity, reported modest trends in November, coming in at 2,430 points, reporting a 2 % year-on-year growth.

This positive trend is driven by strong growths in key non-IT sectors like Oil and Gas (16 %), Pharma/Biotech (7 %), FMCG (7 %), and Real Estate (10 %), alongside sustained momentum in emerging domains like AI-ML (30 %) and global capability centres (11 %), the report said.

The IT sector remains steady, registering a flattish trend compared with last year.

In November, standout performers included Oil and Gas (14 %), Artificial Intelligence-Machine Learning (20 %), FMCG (6 %) and GCCs (4 %), highlighting the continued buoyancy in these domains.

Other sectors witnessed moderation in hiring activity, largely expected during the festive season, it added.

The Naukri JobSpeak is a monthly Index representing the state of the Indian job market and hiring activity based on new job listings and job-related searches by recruiters on the resume database of Naukri.com.

Meanwhile, regarding geographic locations, cities in Rajasthan sustained remarkable resilience.

Jaipur (14 %), Udaipur (24 %) and Kota (15 %) emerged as notable bright spots, wherein Jaipur saw a 20 % year-on-year growth in hiring by Foreign MNCs, it said.

Towards the eastern end, Bhubaneswar was impressive with a 21 % YoY increase, it said.

“We typically observe muted trends on white-collar hiring during the festive period and the 2 % growth in November broadly reflects that. However, the combined October and November trends reflect good resilience. Additionally, the rise in non-IT fresher hiring is a good development with respect to the younger talent,” Naukri.com chief business officer Pawan Goyal added.





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