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Inside Ultraviolette’s 6-Year Electric Revolution

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Founded in 2016 by Narayan Subramaniam and Niraj Rajmohan, Ultraviolette took six years to launch India’s first lineup of high-performance electric motorcycles

In the performance bike market, Ultraviolette bikes compete with quarter-litre or half-litre categories (300 to 500 CC) and counts players like Kawasaki, KTM, and BMW as its competitors

The global electric two-wheeler market is set to reach $121.08 Bn in 2030, with electric motorcycles expected to cherish almost half the market during this period

At a time when the adoption of electric cars and escooters has been well received in the realm of electric vehicles (EVs), electric motorcycles have yet to become a common spectacle – both on roads and race tracks.

While the earliest reference to electric motorcycles can be traced back to the late 1800s, internal combustion engine (ICE) motorcycles manufactured by Suzuki, Honda, Yamaha, Royal Enfield, Hero, BMW, Harley Davidson, and Ducati have continued to rule roads worldwide.

The situation is no different In India, where the EV market is more nascent than some of its peers like China, the US, and Europe. 

Though India’s electric two-wheeler adoption has jumped by almost 4-5X year-on-year since 2020, helped by hundreds of escooter OEM players entering the market, electric motorcycles have yet to receive this boost. This is because there are fewer players in the market that want to entertain the intricacies, complexities and costs associated with building top-notch products to rival traditional ICE motorcycles.

Amid this, Bengaluru-based Ultraviolette Automotive has emerged as one of the pioneering startups to begin the production of high-performance electric motorcycles in India.

Founded in 2016 by Narayan Subramaniam and Niraj Rajmohan, Ultraviolette took six years to launch their first flagship vehicle, F77.

Before embarking on their entrepreneurial journey, Subramaniam and Rajmohan served the automotive sector for almost a decade, working with global tech companies. Their tech backgrounds have played a crucial role in paving the way for Ultraviolette, which today boasts India’s first lineup of high-performance electric motorcycles — F77 Original and two special editions, F77 Recon and F77 Space Edition.

Ultraviolette’s Race Has Just Begun

From building the core IPs for most technologies used in F77, including the battery tech, drivetrain, and software to establishing a well-integrated servicing network, Ultraviolette’s vision since its inception has been to create ‘top-of-the-line mobility solutions driven by progressive design and energy efficient technology’.

“Our focus has always been on innovation,” said Subramaniam, the cofounder and CEO of Ultraviolette.

We were told that Ultraviolette draws inspiration from the aviation and aerospace sectors, which is evident in the design philosophy of its bikes. All the standard and special edition bikes under its F series showcase jet-inspired design. 

As per the founders, what sets Ultraviolette’s approach apart is its application of principles from aircraft engineering, encompassing mechanics, electronics, and architecture, in building emotorcycles.

Further, the F77 lineup has been built keeping the future needs of the users in mind — as they are expected to use the product for at least 7 to 10 years. Given that the EV technology is growing and changing at an unprecedented scale, the founders told Inc42 that they have tried to make their motorcycles future-proof by selecting components that are durable and deploying technology that doesn’t become obsolete soon.

In addition, to ensure quality control and affordability once rolled out, the startup has built the entire vertical integration, including battery technology, drivetrain electronics, the cloud-connected system, the architecture, vehicle chassis, and charging system over the years.

Ultravoilette’s F77s Get Ready To Race

The pivotal moment arrived in late 2019 when Ultraviolette introduced its F77 model with a range of 150 km. However, with the emergence of the pandemic in 2020, the company halted production and directed all its efforts towards enhancing battery technology.

Between 2019 and 2022, F77 underwent a whole revamp to achieve a range of 200 km for its Original model and later touched the 300 km mark for its F77 RECON limited edition. This transformation encompassed both architectural changes and the adoption of a new cell format to enhance the battery performance.

In November 2022, Ultraviolette finally launched its motorcycles in Bengaluru. 

But why did the startup choose the high-performance emotorcycle segment?

“In a diverse country like India, the first challenge is to make people excited about EVs. People still hold many misconceptions about this technology. So, we understood that if we had to change their mindset, it would be better to start with a segment that is exciting, engaging, and nuanced,” said Subramaniam, adding that it was a very calculated decision to start with the aspirational segment.

In the performance bike market, Ultraviolette bikes compete with quarter-litre or half-litre categories (300 to 500 CC) – a segment that alone witnesses sales of 1-2 Lakh ICE motorcycles per month in India.

So far, the startup has raised around $60 Mn in multiple rounds from Exor, TVS Motor Company, Qualcomm Ventures, Lingotto, and Zoho Corporation, among others. 

This financial support extends beyond capital infusion as many of these investors are actively engaged in augmenting Ultraviolette’s technological capabilities and expanding its market presence that would soon transcend beyond India.

Ultraviolette factsheet

Today, the startup’s emotorcycles run in six Indian cities — Bengaluru, Chennai, Mumbai, Pune, Kochi, and Hyderabad.

The startup believes that the pure D2C approach cannot work for motorcycles. Hence, the first step to expanding into these markets was establishing after-sales servicing facilities in each of these cities. These servicing stations are directly managed by Ultraviolette.

Taking On Global Players With Competent Price Point

Ultraviolette does not compete with players that offer commuter bikes in the range of INR 1 Lakh to INR 2 Lakh, but rather the players that offer high-performance ICE motorcycles. In its segment, the company counts players like Kawasaki, KTM, and BMW as its competitors.

Ultraviolette F77 starts from INR 3.8 Lakh onwards, ex-showroom. According to Subramaniam, Ultraviolette’s ebike may seem more expensive in comparison to its ICE counterparts, however, it costs quite less in the long run since it is an EV. 

“Also, if compared with the other high-end aspirational electric motorcycles in the global market, our bikes are at least 3-4X less expensive,” the CEO said.

However, when it comes to staying abreast of international players, the startup’s price point looks quite lucrative.

For example, US-based Zero Motorcycles, which is currently one of the global leaders in the electric motorcycles market, charges a minimum of $12,000 (INR 9.9 Lakh) for its ZERO FX dual sports variant that offers a range of approximately 145 km on a single charge and has a peak power of 46 HP with 106 NM torque. 

In contrast, Ultraviolette’s F77 Original offers a range of over 200 km with a peak power of 36 hp and 85 NM of torque — not much difference in power but a huge variation in range and pricing. 

(Note: While the two segments of bikes (ZERO FX and F77 Original) cannot be compared, we have picked the lowest-priced models of both companies)

Moving on, another example is Harley Davidson’s electric motorcycle LiveWire S2 Del Mar, which offers a 200 km range, 84 horses and a massive 260 NM of torque, is priced at around $15,499 (manufacturer’s suggested retail price), which translates to around INR 13 Lakh.

Ultraviolette's products

According to Ultraviolette’s cofounder and CTO Rajmohan, it is due to the company’s proprietary tech stack that they have been able to keep the pricing of their F77 lineup competent.

“There is always an additional cost associated when working with third parties because every player wants to keep their margins.

It is pertinent to note that players like Revolt, Oben Electric, Kabira Mobility, and Odysse, too, operate in the electric motorcycle segment, but they largely offer commuter vehicles.

Ultraviolette also unveiled its F99 Factory racing platform earlier this year at Auto Expo 2023, which comes with a peak power output of 65 horses and offers a top speed of over 200 km per hour. The startup plans to develop this technology further only for race tracks.

Ultraviolette’s In The Speed Lane

According to the cofounders, Ultraviolette is gross margin positive. The startup has a total headcount of around 350 employees with 200 of them dedicated solely to the R&D unit.

Ultraviolette recently launched a Space Edition of its flagship F77 as a tribute to India’s Chandraayan-3 mission and specetech development. The limited edition bike comes with aluminium, paints, and other materials used in spacecraft. It is available for only 10 bookings.

While Ultraviolette did not reveal the plans pertaining to its upcoming bike launches, the startup is expected to roll out a fast-charging network in various parts of the country soon.

Currently, the startup offers two chargers – a standard charger that takes around 8-9 hours to fully charge a vehicle and a boost charger that takes about 4 hours to fully charge an ebike. The startup is also coming up with a fast charger, which would take less than 2 hours to fully charge its ebikes.

As per Vahan portal data, Ultraviolette has seen the registrations of over 195 vehicles this year. The founders claimed that they project at least 1,000 Ultraviolette motorcycles to be on the road by the end of this year.

In the next 12 months, the startup plans to extend its footprint to 12-15 cities. Besides, it plans to jump the Indian borders starting next year, with eyes set on countries like Italy, Germany, Spain, the US, Mexico, Colombia, and Brazil, along with Southeast Asian countries.

Meanwhile, in India, the enthusiasm of EV players to enter the electric motorcycle market is growing. Recently, Ola Electric announced that it will launch four electric bikes next year. 

Bengaluru-based Orxa Energies is also preparing for the launch of its flagship all-electric high-performance motorcycle, the Mantis.

As per a report, the global electric two-wheeler market is set to grow at a CAGR of 19.1% between 2022 and 2030, reaching $121.08 Bn in 2030 with electric motorcycles expected to cherish almost half the market during this period.

Even though the pace of adoption of electric motorcycles has been slow in India, the entire domestic two-wheeler electric market is set to reach $6.2 Bn in size by 2030. 

Nonetheless, for Indian EV players like Ultraviolette, who have also set their eyes on foreign lands too, these are some of the most exciting times. 

However, as more established players will enter the high-performance motorcycle market with global collaboration, the road ahead could get a bit patchy for smaller players. While this is just an anticipation, it would be interesting to see how Ultraviolette’s high-performance playbook inspires other Indian EV OEMs to make a paradigm shift in a bid to stay abreast of their western counterparts.





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Byju’s partially pays March salaries, pending February payouts.

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Byju’s, a prominent player in the edtech industry, has encountered financial challenges resulting in delayed salary payments for its employees. As of April 20, the company has only disbursed a portion of March salaries, attributing the delay to a severe cash crunch. Despite earlier assurances from the company’s management that salaries for March would be paid by April 18, many mid-senior employees have reported receiving only 50% of their March salaries. Additionally, February salaries remain unpaid for a significant number of employees, further exacerbating the situation.

Founder and CEO, Byju Raveendran, has resorted to raising personal debt against his stakes in the company to facilitate salary payments. This underscores the severity of the financial challenges facing Byju’s and highlights the lengths to which Raveendran is willing to go to address the issue.

Employee testimonies reveal the extent of the salary delays, with one employee stating that they received only 50% of their March salary on April 20, with 80% of their February salary still pending. Another concerning aspect is the reported disparity between junior and senior employees, with junior staff receiving full salary payments while top management has gone without salaries for the past two months.

Byju’s has acknowledged the delay in salary payments but has not provided a detailed explanation for the situation. A company spokesperson declined to comment on queries from ET regarding the matter. In an email sent to employees on April 8, the management team expressed regret over the delay and attributed it to the inability to secure approval to access funds from a rights issue. The delay has been further compounded by actions from foreign investors, hindering the company’s access to necessary funds.

This revelation follows a previous report by ET on April 1, which highlighted Byju’s decision to delay salary payments due to constraints imposed by warring investors, limiting the company’s access to funds through a rights issue. The ongoing dispute with investors, including Dutch investor Prosus, has added to Byju’s financial woes and has led to further delays in resolving the issue.

In a separate development, Byju’s India chief executive, Arjun Mohan, announced his departure from the company in mid-April, just six months after assuming the role. This unexpected move prompted founder Byju Raveendran to take on the responsibility of overseeing day-to-day operations of the company’s India business, housed under Think & Learn, marking a significant shift in leadership.

Amidst these challenges, Byju’s is embroiled in a legal battle with a group of investors led by Prosus, who are seeking to block a rights issue and the removal of Byju Raveendran as CEO. The company has also initiated arbitration proceedings to address the dispute and find a resolution.

The rights issue undertaken by Byju’s is significant, as it is being offered at a staggering 99% discount to the company’s peak valuation of $22 billion. This steep discount has implications for investors who choose not to participate in the funding, potentially resulting in a significant dilution of their shareholding post-completion of the rights issue.

The unfolding events at Byju’s underscore the challenges facing the edtech giant as it navigates financial constraints, leadership transitions, and legal disputes. The company’s ability to address these issues effectively will determine its future trajectory and its ability to maintain its position in the competitive edtech landscape.

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Revolut India receives provisional approval for PPI license from RBI

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Revolut India, a neobank backed by Tiger Global and Softbank, has secured an in-principle approval from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) for issuing Prepaid Payment Instruments (PPI), encompassing prepaid cards and wallets. CEO Paroma Chatterjee shared this development in a LinkedIn post on Friday. This approval complements Revolut India’s existing licenses from the RBI, which allow it to function as a Category-II Authorised Money Exchange Dealer (AD II), enabling the issuance of multi-currency forex cards and cross-border remittance services.

Chatterjee emphasized the significance of this milestone, highlighting the opportunity it presents to provide Indian consumers with both international and domestic payment solutions on a unified platform. Revolut, Europe’s largest neobank, entered the Indian market in 2021 with aspirations to disrupt the domestic payments sector. The RBI’s approval is expected to bolster Revolut’s position as a key player in this domain.

Prepaid Payment Instruments (PPIs) are payment tools that utilize stored monetary value, including digital wallets, smart cards, or vouchers, for transactions. RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das proposed on April 5, 2024, to allow PPIs to be linked through third-party UPI applications, enabling PPI holders to conduct UPI payments akin to bank account holders.

Chatterjee underscored Revolut’s commitment to full compliance with regulatory requirements, particularly in India, where the neobank has undertaken significant efforts to localize its global tech-stack to adhere to local regulations.

In an interview with ET BFSI, Chatterjee disclosed Revolut’s plans to introduce a comprehensive suite of digital-first money management services for all Indian customers. These services will enable users to manage their finances, including payments and remittances, both domestically and internationally.

The app, currently in use by employees, will be officially launched once the internal testing phase is completed, according to Chatterjee. She also revealed that there are over 175,000 prospective customers on Revolut India’s waitlist, indicating strong interest in the product.

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Postman buys Orbit to extend developer community reach.

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Postman, renowned as an API management platform tailored for enterprises, has recently made headlines with its acquisition of Orbit, a pivotal tool in the arsenal of developer companies for nurturing communities across a spectrum of platforms, including Discord, Slack, and GitHub. Although the specifics of the financial transaction remain undisclosed, Postman took to its blog to underline Orbit’s indispensable role in supporting major developer companies in fostering community management and fostering growth over the course of the past four years.

Within the ecosystem of Postman, the integration of Orbit is poised to be transformative, with the Orbit team set to assume a pivotal role in seamlessly embedding community-centric features into the fabric of the Postman Public API Network. This strategic move is aimed at catalyzing dynamic collaboration between content creators and end-users within the network. Postman, boasting a staggering valuation of $5.6 billion, stands as a stalwart in the realm of API collaboration platforms, serving a user base exceeding 30 million developers and 500,000 organizations.

Under the stewardship of Noah Schwartz, a recent addition to the Postman team hailing from Amazon Web Services, the Orbit team is primed to spearhead initiatives aimed at empowering API distributors to broaden the horizons of their communities, optimize API utilization, and solicit direct feedback from users entrenched within the network.

This integration is anticipated to embolden developers to unearth APIs tailored to their unique requirements and foster meaningful engagements with peers to extract maximum value from each API. However, as part of the transitionary phase, Orbit has outlined plans to gradually phase out its existing product and platform over the span of the next 90 days. Commencing July 11, all functionalities will be deactivated, with no provision for the creation of new users or workspaces.

Postman’s strategic maneuver comes on the heels of its triumphant fundraising endeavor in 2021, securing a whopping $225 million in funding. The fundraising round, spearheaded by Insight Partners, witnessed active participation from prominent entities such as Coatue, Bond Capital (helmed by Mary Meeker), and Battery Ventures.

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